Chapter 10 - Modules

Exercise 1

mod sausage_factory {
    // Don't let anybody outside of this module see this!
    fn get_secret_recipe() -> String {
        String::from("Ginger")
    }

    fn make_sausage() {
        get_secret_recipe();
        println!("sausage!");
    }
}

fn main() {
    sausage_factory::make_sausage();
}

We can see here:

The get_secret_recipe() method is private, only accessible inside the module
The make_sausage() method is public, accessible outside the module All methods are private by default, so we need to add pub keyword to make it public.

mod sausage_factory {
    // Don't let anybody outside of this module see this!
    fn get_secret_recipe() -> String {
        String::from("Ginger")
    }

    pub fn make_sausage() {
        get_secret_recipe();
        println!("sausage!");
    }
}

fn main() {
    sausage_factory::make_sausage();
}

Exercise 2

// You can bring module paths into scopes and provide new names for them with
// the 'use' and 'as' keywords. Fix these 'use' statements to make the code
// compile.
mod delicious_snacks {
    // TODO: Fix these use statements
    use self::fruits::PEAR as ???
    use self::veggies::CUCUMBER as ???

    mod fruits {
        pub const PEAR: &'static str = "Pear";
        pub const APPLE: &'static str = "Apple";
    }

    mod veggies {
        pub const CUCUMBER: &'static str = "Cucumber";
        pub const CARROT: &'static str = "Carrot";
    }
}

fn main() {
    println!(
        "favorite snacks: {} and {}",
        delicious_snacks::fruit,
        delicious_snacks::veggie
    );
}

You can bring module paths into scopes and provide new names for them with the 'use' and 'as' keywords

Looking at the main function, we can see that the module delicious_snacks has 2 paths is fruit and veggie.
We can update the use statement like this to use them:

mod delicious_snacks {
    pub use self::fruits::PEAR as fruit;
    pub use self::veggies::CUCUMBER as veggie;

    mod fruits {
        pub const PEAR: &'static str = "Pear";
        pub const APPLE: &'static str = "Apple";
    }

    mod veggies {
        pub const CUCUMBER: &'static str = "Cucumber";
        pub const CARROT: &'static str = "Carrot";
    }
}

fn main() {
    println!(
        "favorite snacks: {} and {}",
        delicious_snacks::fruit,
        delicious_snacks::veggie
    );
}

Exercise 3

// You can use the 'use' keyword to bring module paths from modules from
// anywhere and especially from the Rust standard library into your scope. Bring
// SystemTime and UNIX_EPOCH from the std::time module. Bonus style points if
// you can do it with one line!

// TODO: Complete this use statement
use ???

fn main() {
    match SystemTime::now().duration_since(UNIX_EPOCH) {
        Ok(n) => println!("1970-01-01 00:00:00 UTC was {} seconds ago!", n.as_secs()),
        Err(_) => panic!("SystemTime before UNIX EPOCH!"),
    }
}

Imagine keyword use is like import in Python or javascript.
We can use it like this:

use std::time::{SystemTime, UNIX_EPOCH};

fn main() {
    match SystemTime::now().duration_since(UNIX_EPOCH) {
        Ok(n) => println!("1970-01-01 00:00:00 UTC was {} seconds ago!", n.as_secs()),
        Err(_) => panic!("SystemTime before UNIX EPOCH!"),
    }
}

Conclusion

The 10th chapter of Rustlings - Modules ends here.
TIL:

How to use module with public - private methods
Using use keyword to import module paths (Working like import in other languages such as Python or Javascript)
Read more about the modules here: https://doc.rust-lang.org/rust-by-example/mod.html

Thanks for reading and please add comments below if you have any questions